//RainStatsV2ReadFile.cpp
//program uses parallel arrays and functions to find the annual total
//average rainfall, and month of highest rainfall for various locations
//All data is read from a file
//program then displays information nicely formatted to a text file
//updated 11/08/22
//If you wish you can add overloaded functions for outputArrays() and outputStatistics()
//that output to screen as well.

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <iomanip>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;

//findTotalandAverage() computes the annual rain total and the monthly average
void findTotalandAverage(const float [], float &total, float &average);

//findGreatestRainLoc() finds the month with the greatest rainfall and return its location index in array
int  findGreatestRainLoc(const float []);


//outputArrays() outputs the contents of months and rainfall parallel arrays for location to screen
void outputArrays( string location, string months[12], float rainfall[12]);

//outputStatistics() outputs the annual total, average and the month and amount of greatest rainfall to screen
void outputStatistics( string months[], float rainfall[], float total, float average, int locGreatest);

//outputArrays() outputs the contents of months and rainfall parallel arrays for location to file
void outputArrays( ofstream &, string location, string months[12], float rainfall[12]);

//outputStatistics() outputs the annual total, average and the month and amount of greatest rainfall to file
void outputStatistics( ofstream &, string months[], float rainfall[], float total, float average, int locGreatest);

int main()
{
//declare and initialize an array of strings holding the month name abbreviations
   string months[12] = { "Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun",
                         "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec" };

   ifstream fin;         //my file variables
   ofstream fout;
   fin.open("READRAINFALL.TXT");
   if (!fin.is_open())
   {
       cout << "Error opening file.  Program terminated!\n";
       return 1;
   }

   fout.open("RAINSTATS.TXT");
   if (!fout.is_open())
   {
       cout << "Error opening file.  Program terminated!\n";
       return 1;
   }
   float monthlyRain[12];
   float total, avg;
   int locGreatest;
   string location;

//priming input for the outer loop
   getline(fin,location); //get the first location
   while (!fin.eof() )     //while we have not reached end of file
   {
//Input the twelve monthly rainfall amounts for that location  (could be an input fcn)
     for (int k=0; k < 12; k++)
     {
         fin >> monthlyRain[k];
     }
//Process statistics for this location
     findTotalandAverage(monthlyRain, total, avg);
     locGreatest = findGreatestRainLoc(monthlyRain);
     outputArrays(location, months, monthlyRain);
     outputStatistics(months, monthlyRain, total, avg, locGreatest);
     outputArrays(fout, location, months, monthlyRain);
     outputStatistics(fout, months, monthlyRain, total, avg, locGreatest);

     fin.ignore();   //MUST clear the last newline from input buffer
     getline(fin, location);     //get next location from file
   }   //end while not end of file loop

   fin.close();
   return 0;
}

//Find annual total and average per month
void findTotalandAverage(const float monthlyRain[12], float &total, float &average)
{
    total = 0;
    for (int j= 0; j < 12; j++)
        total += monthlyRain[j];
    average = total/12;
}

//find the month with the greatest rainfall and return its location in array
int  findGreatestRainLoc(const float rainfall[12])
{
   float maxRain = 0;
   int maxRainIndex =0;
   int k = 0;
   for (k = 0; k < 12; k++)
   {
      if (rainfall[k] > maxRain)
      {
         maxRain = rainfall[k];
         maxRainIndex = k;
      }
   }
   return maxRainIndex;      //returns index in array where greatest rainfall is found
}

//output the contents of months and rainfall parallel arrays to a file for location
void outputArrays( ofstream &fout, string location, string months[12], float rainfall[12])
{
   fout << "Statistics for " << location << endl;
   fout << "Month" << setw(22) << "Rainfall inches" << endl;    //heading for table
   fout << setprecision(2) << fixed << showpoint;
   for (int j= 0; j < 12; j++)
   {
      fout << months[j] << setw(18) << rainfall[j] << '\"' << endl;
   }
}

//output the annual total, average and the month and amount of greatest rainfall to file
void outputStatistics( ofstream &fout, string months[], float rainfall[], float total, float average, int locGreatest)
{
   fout << "Total for the year "  << total << " inches" << endl;
   fout << "Average rainfall per month "  << average << " inches" << endl;
   fout << "Month with the greatest rainfall was " << months[locGreatest]
        << " with rainfall of " << rainfall[locGreatest] << " inches" << endl << endl;
}

//output the contents of months and rainfall parallel arrays to a screen for location
void outputArrays( string location, string months[12], float rainfall[12])
{
   cout << "Statistics for " << location << endl;
   cout << "Month" << setw(22) << "Rainfall inches" << endl;    //heading for table
   cout << setprecision(2) << fixed << showpoint;
   for (int j= 0; j < 12; j++)
   {
      cout << months[j] << setw(18) << rainfall[j] << '\"' << endl;
   }
}

//output the annual total, average and the month and amount of greatest rainfall to screen
void outputStatistics( string months[], float rainfall[], float total, float average, int locGreatest)
{
   cout << "Total for the year "  << total << " inches" << endl;
   cout << "Average rainfall per month "  << average << " inches" << endl;
   cout << "Month with the greatest rainfall was " << months[locGreatest]
        << " with rainfall of " << rainfall[locGreatest] << " inches" << endl << endl;
}